醫學 是什麼？
醫學 是什麼？
醫學是以診斷、治療和預防生理和心理疾病和提高人體自身素質為目的的應用科學。
狹義的醫學只是疾病的治療，但也有說法稱預防醫學為第一醫學，臨床醫學為第二醫學，復健醫學為第三醫學。
醫學的科學面是應用基礎醫學的理論與發現，例如生化、生理、微生物學、解剖、病理學、藥理學、統計學、流行病學等，來治療疾病與促進健康。
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6
Medicine is the science and practice of establishing the diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and prevention of disease.
Medicine encompasses a variety of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness.
古希臘神話中的醫神 -- 阿斯克勒庇俄斯
Asclepius (/æsˈkliːpiəs/; Greek: Ἀσκληπιός Asklēpiós [asklɛːpiós]; Latin: Aesculapius) or Hepius[1] is a hero and god of medicine in ancient Greek religion and mythology.
He is the son of Apollo and Coronis (or Arsinoe).
醫學之父 -- 希波克拉底
希波克拉底（古希臘文：Ἱπποκράτης，前460年－前370年），為古希臘伯里克利時代之醫師，約生於公元前460年，後世人普遍認為其為醫學史上傑出人物之一。
在其所身處之上古時代，醫學並不發達，然而他卻能將醫學發展成為專業學科，使之與巫術及哲學分離，並創立了以之為名的醫學學派，對古希臘之醫學發展貢獻良多，
故今人多尊稱之為「醫學之父」。
Hippocrates of Kos (/hɪˈpɒkrətiːz/; Greek: Ἱπποκράτης ὁ Κῷος, translit. Hippokrátēs ho Kṓos; c. 460 – c. 370 BC), also known as Hippocrates II, was a Greek physician of the Age of Pericles (Classical Greece), who is considered one of the most outstanding figures in the history of medicine.
He is often referred to as the "Father of Medicine"[1] in recognition of his lasting contributions to the field as the founder of the Hippocratic School of Medicine.
東方的名醫
扁鵲（約前407年－約前310年），原姓秦，名越人[3]，一名緩，號盧醫、扁鵲，中國戰國時代醫師。約生於周威烈王十九年（公元前407年）前後，卒於周赧王五年（公元前310年）。傳說中東周戰國時期姜齊勃海郡莫州（今河北省任丘市鄚州鎮）人。[4]與華佗、張仲景、李時珍並稱中國古代四大名醫。
華佗（145年？－208年），字元化，幼名旉，沛國譙縣（今安徽亳州市）人，東漢末年的方士、醫師。華佗與董奉和張仲景被並稱為「建安三神醫」。與扁鵲、張仲景及李時珍並稱中國古代四大名醫。
張仲景（150年－219年），名機（《歷代神仙通鑑》作璣），字仲景，南陽郡涅陽縣（今河南鄧州市和鎮平縣一帶）人，東漢末年著名醫學家。張仲景與董奉和華佗被並稱為「建安三神醫」。與扁鵲、華佗及李時珍並稱中國古代四大名醫。
李時珍（1518年7月3日－1593年），字東璧，晚年自號瀕湖山人。蘄州（今湖北省黃岡市蘄春縣蘄州鎮）人，生於蘄州亦卒於蘄州。李時珍是中國明朝也是中國歷史上最著名的醫學家、藥學家和博物學家之一，其所著的《本草綱目》是本草學集大成的著作，對後世醫學和博物學研究影響深遠。李時珍與扁鵲、華佗、張仲景並稱中國古代四大名醫。
西方的名醫
現代外科學之父 -- 約翰‧杭特
John Hunter FRS (13 February 1728 – 16 October 1793) was a Scottish surgeon, one of the most distinguished scientists and surgeons of his day. He was an early advocate of careful observation and scientific method in medicine. He was a teacher of, and collaborator with, Edward Jenner, pioneer of the smallpox vaccine.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hunter_(surgeon)
發明消毒的方法，微生物學之父 -- 路易‧巴斯德
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hunter_(surgeon)
發明消毒的方法，微生物學之父 -- 路易‧巴斯德
Louis Pasteur (/ˈluːi pæˈstɜːr/, French: [lwi pastœʁ]; December 27, 1822 – September 28, 1895) was a French biologist, microbiologist and chemist renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation and pasteurization. He is remembered for his remarkable breakthroughs in the causes and prevention of diseases, and his discoveries have saved many lives ever since. He reduced mortality from puerperal fever, and created the first vaccines for rabies and anthrax.
His medical discoveries provided direct support for the germ theory of disease and its application in clinical medicine. He is best known to the general public for his invention of the technique of treating milk and wine to stop bacterial contamination, a process now called pasteurization. He is regarded as one of the three main founders of bacteriology, together with Ferdinand Cohn and Robert Koch, and is popularly known as the "father of microbiology".
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