2024年11月30日星期六

WebCam, IP Cam, Live stream 網路相機，監視攝影機，視訊直播，大眾使用即時影像監視研究

WebCam, IP Cam, Live stream

網路相機，監視攝影機，視訊直播

大眾使用即時影像監視研究

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** IPcam、Webcam分不出來差別?

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IP Camera 與 Webcam 的比較

https://cctv.ojos.cc/TECH_wp_ipcam-webcam.php

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WebCam 一般是指 用 USB 連至電腦的攝影機，如：

https://www.logitech.com/zh-tw/products/webcams/c310-hd-webcam.960-000631.html

適合視訊會議使用

WebcamViewer (用電腦看)

https://download.cnet.com/webcamviewer/3000-12510_4-75324168.html

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IP Camera Viewer (用電腦看 WebCam )

https://www.deskshare.com/ip-camera-viewer.aspx

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IP Camera 一般是指 用網路線，

或 無線網路 Wi-Fi 連至電腦的攝影機，

比較常用於監視設備，如：

https://www.tp-link.com/tw/home-networking/cloud-camera/tapo-c100/

https://www.tp-link.com/tw/support/download/tapo-c100/

通常用手機觀看監視畫面或錄影，

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Webcam 視訊鏡頭選購要點｜視訊鏡頭推薦 2023

https://techteller.com/review/best-webcam-2/

適合視訊會議使用

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WebCam 直接就可以放上 Youtube 直播

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將 webcam ( USB攝影鏡頭 ) 改成 IPcam 使用

CameraFTP

https://www.cameraftp.com/CameraFTP/Features/UseWebcamAsIPCamera.aspx

( 看來不錯，但是要訂閱付費 )

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Raspberry Pi 樹莓派使用 Webcam

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Working with USB webcams on your Raspberry Pi ( fswebcam , ffmpeg )

https://raspberrypi-guide.github.io/electronics/using-usb-webcams

sudo apt install fswebcam

fswebcam --device /dev/video0 ~/images/image01.jpg

fswebcam -r 1280x720 --no-banner ~/images/image1.jpg

( fswebcam , ffmpeg 安裝成功，都可拍照片 )

https://www.sigmdel.ca/michel/ha/rpi/streaming_en.html

( mjpeg-streamer 安裝比較複雜 )

Raspberry Pi 筆記(19)：Webcam 拍照與瀏覽串流媒體 ( fswebcam, motion )

https://atceiling.blogspot.com/2014/04/raspberry-pi-webcam.html

sudo apt update

sudo apt upgrade

( motion 安裝成功，可拍影片串流了！ )

How to Stream Live Video Using Raspberry Pi ( motion )

https://automaticaddison.com/how-to-stream-live-video-using-raspberry-pi/

Live Cam with Raspberry Pi ( motion )

https://www.hackster.io/sushree-subhasmita-jena/live-cam-with-raspberry-pi-e9f43d

Raspberry Pi Live Streaming with USB Webcam ( ffmpeg )

https://www.dynamsoft.com/codepool/raspberry-pi-live-streaming-usb-webcam.html

( 失敗，不能拍影片 )

Secure Webcam streaming with MJPG-Streamer on a Raspberry Pi

https://www.sigmdel.ca/michel/ha/rpi/streaming_en.html

Working with Webcam using OpenCV ( python OpenCV )

https://subscription.packtpub.com/book/iot-and-hardware/9781785285066/7/ch07lvl1sec41/working-with-webcam-using-opencv

7 Simple Steps: Connect Raspberry Pi to IP Cameras Easily

https://reolink.com/blog/connect-raspberry-pi-to-ip-cameras/

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Raspberry Pi 樹莓派使用 Camera module 相機模組

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How to control the Camera Module via the command line

https://projects.raspberrypi.org/en/projects/getting-started-with-picamera/3

或

https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/camera_software.html

拍相片

rpicam-jpeg --output test.jpg --timeout 2000 --width 640 --height 480

拍相片

Type in the following command to take a still picture and save it to the Desktop:

rpicam-still -o ~/Desktop/image.jpg

拍相片

How to control the Camera Module via the command line

https://projects.raspberrypi.org/en/projects/getting-started-with-picamera/3

raspistill -o /home/pi/Pictures/image01.jpg

拍縮時攝影

First, create a directory where you can store your time lapse photos:

$ mkdir timelapse

Run the following command to create a time lapse over 30 seconds, recording a photo every two seconds, saving output into image0000.jpg through image0013.jpg:

$ rpicam-still --timeout 30000 --timelapse 2000 -o timelapse/image%04d.jpg

拍影片

Now record a video with the Camera Module by using the following rpicam-vid command:

rpicam-vid -o ~/Desktop/video.mp4

I'm not using a Raspberry Pi 5

You will need to use libav

rpicam-vid -t 10000 --codec libav --libav-format mp4 -o ~/Desktop/video.mp4

Tip: The 10000 is the number of milliseconds to record

Play the video file by typing the following command:

vlc ~/Desktop/video.mp4

拍影片

`rpicam-vid`

Edit this on GitHub

rpicam-vid helps you capture video on Raspberry Pi devices. rpicam-vid displays a preview window and writes an encoded bitstream to the specified output. This produces an unpackaged video bitstream that is not wrapped in any kind of container (such as an mp4 file) format.

Note	When available, `rpicam-vid` uses hardware H.264 encoding.

For example, the following command writes a ten-second video to a file named test.h264:

$ rpicam-vid -t 10s -o test.h264

You can play the resulting file with VLC and other video players:

$ vlc test.h264

On Raspberry Pi 5, you can output to the MP4 container format directly by specifying the mp4 file extension for your output file:

$ rpicam-vid  -t 10s -o test.mp4

Encoders

rpicam-vid supports motion JPEG as well as both uncompressed and unformatted YUV420:

$ rpicam-vid -t 10000 --codec mjpeg -o test.mjpeg

$ rpicam-vid -t 10000 --codec yuv420 -o test.data

The codec option determines the output format

拍影片

Image and video recording with the Raspberry PI

https://raspberrypi-guide.github.io/electronics/image-and-video-recording

raspivid -o video.h264

拍高速攝影影片

Capture high framerate video

To minimise frame drops for high framerate (> 60fps) video, try the following configuration tweaks:

Set the H.264 target level to 4.2 with --level 4.2.
Disable software colour denoise processing by setting the denoise option to cdn_off.
Disable the display window with nopreview to free up some additional CPU cycles.
Set force_turbo=1 in /boot/firmware/config.txt to ensure that the CPU clock does not throttle during video capture. For more information, see the force_turbo documentation.
Adjust the ISP output resolution with --width 1280 --height 720 or something even lower to achieve your framerate target.
On Raspberry Pi 4, you can overclock the GPU to improve performance by adding gpu_freq=550 or higher in /boot/firmware/config.txt. See the overclocking documentation for further details.

The following command demonstrates how you might achieve 1280×720 120fps video:

$ rpicam-vid --level 4.2 --framerate 120 --width 1280 --height 720 --save-pts timestamp.pts -o video.264 -t 10000 --denoise cdn_off -n

影片串流

Video Streaming with Raspberry Pi Camera

https://randomnerdtutorials.com/video-streaming-with-raspberry-pi-camera/

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ python3 rpi_camera_surveillance_system.py

http://192.168.1.110:8000/index.html

How To Stream Live Video From Your Raspberry Pi Camera

https://www.tomshardware.com/how-to/stream-live-video-raspberry-pi

raspivid -o - -t 0 -w 800 -h 600 -fps 12  | cvlc -vvv stream:///dev/stdin --sout '#rtp{sdp=rtsp://:8080/}' :demux=h264

install VLC and then open VLC.

Go to Media >> Open Network Stream, or press CTRL + N.

Enter the rtsp address and port: rtsp://raspberrypi:8080/

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IP Camera 常用於監視設備

IP Camera 一般是指 用網路線，或 無線網路 Wi-Fi 連至電腦的攝影機，

比較常用於監視設備，如：

相當好的入門款網路攝影機

Tapo C100 | 家庭安全防護/ Wi-Fi 網路攝影機

https://www.tp-link.com/tw/home-networking/cloud-camera/tapo-c100/

https://www.tp-link.com/tw/support/download/tapo-c100/

通常用手機觀看監視畫面或錄影，

改機 ***

想換鏡頭，或是取消紅外線照明燈，

撬開黑色前蓋，

把那層電路板向上拔起，即可取出，即可取消紅外線照明燈，

改機 ***

想換鏡頭，

若要用電腦螢幕看，需要用 VLC media player 或 iSpy 軟體

https://www.tp-link.com/tw/support/faq/2680/

Tapo攝影機的RTSP即時串流的URL(網址)為：

對於1080P（1920 * 1080）串流：rtsp://使用者名稱:密碼@IP位址:554/stream1

rtsp://helloshiau:public@192.168.1.117:554/stream1

對於360P（640 * 360）串流：rtsp://使用者名稱:密碼@IP位址:554/stream2

rtsp://helloshiau:public@192.168.1.117:554/stream1

或是使用 VLC media player 或 iSpy 軟體觀看

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IP Camera 做成 Youtube 直播

5 Steps to Stream IP Cameras to YouTube/FB & Set up RTSP URLs

https://reolink.com/blog/stream-ip-camera-to-youtube/

主要是需要安裝 Open Broadcast Softwre ( OBS )

https://obsproject.com/

Youtube 直播：

https://youtube.com/live/9zr59ewpSd0

( Youtube 直播很容易就會斷線 )

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IP Camera 做成 Facebook Live 直播

也是使用 Open Broadcast Softwre ( OBS )

( 最長可以撥放 8 小時 )

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Live stream 視訊直播 (視頻直播)

理論上的程式方案

7 ways to stream RTSP on the page

https://flashphoner.com/7-ways-to-stream-rtsp-on-the-page/

程式實例

Embed RTSP stream directly from camera into webpage

https://community.ui.com/questions/3-3-Embed-RTSP-stream-directly-from-camera-into-webpage/2e77d983-07f8-483a-9a6c-294e3900400e

自己 DIY RTMP 伺服器範例

How to set up your own private RTMP server using nginx

https://obsproject.com/forum/resources/how-to-set-up-your-own-private-rtmp-server-using-nginx.50/

ipcamlive

ipcamlive.com

( ip cam 要有對外網址才可以用 )

Restream

https://restream.io/

https://join.restream.io/livestreaming?title=all-in-one_platform_for_creating_live_videos&sub=make_streams_look_professional,_on_brand,_and_stand_out_from_the_crowd&utm_source=google&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=Search_NB_Core_LiveStreaming_Tier3_Desk_v1&utm_campaignid=20596097931&utm_adgroup=Live_Streaming&utm_adgroupid=154492818175&utm_content=675559583427&utm_term=streaming%20broadcast&utm_device=c&utm_adposition=&gad_source=1&gclid=CjwKCAjwrIixBhBbEiwACEqDJUzN6bOk1R8XvPuOEqTSdFac-frgJXAys0VfGJu4Gsi9PY_DawzxARoCtnQQAvD_BwE

可以用 google 帳號登入，但是

( 但是結果 Restream 的視訊也是要用 Youtube 觀看！ )

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自己 DIY RTMP 直播伺服器做視訊直播 (視頻直播)

How to set up your own private RTMP server using nginx

https://obsproject.com/forum/resources/how-to-set-up-your-own-private-rtmp-server-using-nginx.50/

How To Set Up a Video Streaming Server using Nginx-RTMP on Ubuntu 20.04

https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-set-up-a-video-streaming-server-using-nginx-rtmp-on-ubuntu-20-04

Nginx 搭配 RTMP HLS 建立簡易直播 Server

https://github.com/twtrubiks/nginx-rtmp-tutorial

Build your own Raspberry Pi NGINX Web Server

https://pimylifeup.com/raspberry-pi-nginx/

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米家小白 EC3 Pro 戶外攝影機戶外雲台版

https://www.mijia.com.tw/product/%E5%B0%8F%E7%99%BDec3%E5%85%A8%E6%88%B6%E5%9E%8B%E7%9B%A3%E6%8E%A7%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E6%A9%9F%E9%9B%B2%E5%8F%B0%E7%89%88/

地表最強攝影機「小白 EC3」夜的黑就和白天一樣清晰

https://ahui3c.com/74106/ec3

夜晚可以拍到獵戶座、大犬座、與天狼星

小米攝影機電腦端觀看程式

https://www.mobile01.com/topicdetail.php?f=634&t=6831435

版主使用，一直無法成功登入。或許還沒開放台灣地區使用。

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朋友分享，需安裝「夜神模擬器」，再安裝「米家」，就可以看小米攝影機

夜神模擬器

https://tw.bignox.com/

( 實際使用，會非常耗用電腦資源，整個電腦的速度會變慢。)

模擬器裡面安裝「米家」即可秀出攝影機畫面：

電腦故障，改用了另一台電腦，再安裝「夜神模擬器」，再安裝「米家」，

結果打開「米家」會閃退！

The best Android emulators for PC and Mac of 2024

https://www.androidauthority.com/best-android-emulators-for-pc-655308/

安裝「BlueStacks」，一樣會閃退！

安裝「LDPlayer 9」，一樣會閃退！

[进阶教程] 破解小米小蚁智能摄像机支持rtsp、ftp、telnet

https://bbs.hassbian.com/thread-361-1-1.html

到这个网站下载破解固件http://xiaoyi.querex.be/firmwares/，需要下载两个。一个原版官方固件、一个破解版对应版本的固件。
先刷官方固件、然后刷一次破解版固件。刷固件教程在这个网址http://bbs.xiaomi.cn/t-11501508
刷好破解固件，开机提示音会变成英文。小米米家app还是可以连接到摄像头。可以在电脑下载一个vlc播放器测试一下rtsp播放流
rtsp播放地址如下
Main stream: rtsp://ipaddress:554/ch0_0.h264
Minor stream: rtsp://ipaddress:554/ch0_1.h264
Audio stream: rtsp://ipaddress:554/ch0_3.h264
安装了sudo apt-get -t jessie-backports install ffmpeg 、sudo apt-get install libav-tools ，

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